--- title: "Racial/ethnic differences in hypertension prevalence and tx | Sutter Health" description: "Substantial racial/ethnic variation in HTN prevalence, treatment, and control was found in our study population. Filipino and NHB women and men are at especially high risk for HTN and may have more difficulty in achieving adequate blood pressure control." url: "https://www.sutterhealth.org/research/publications/racial-ethnic-differences-in-htn-prevalence-and-tx-1055312916" --- 1. [Home](https://www.sutterhealth.org/) / 2. [Research](https://www.sutterhealth.org/research) / 3. [Research publications](https://www.sutterhealth.org/research/publications) / 4. Racial/ethnic differences in hypertension prevalence and tx # Racial/ethnic differences in hypertension prevalence, treatment, and control for outpatients in Northern California 2010-2012. Zhao B, Jose PO, Pu J, Chung S, Ancheta IB, Fortmann SP, & Palaniappan LP. _Am J Hypertension. pii: hpu189. \[Epub ahead of print\]_ 2014-10-28 ## Abstract ****BACKGROUND:**** Hypertension (HTN) is a known major cardiovascular disease risk factor, but prevalence, treatment, and control of HTN among rapidly growing minority groups such as Asian Americans and Hispanics are unknown largely due to either underrepresentation in epidemiologic studies or aggregation of Asian American subgroups. ****METHODS:**** A three-year cross-section (2010-2012) of patients from a large ambulatory care setting in northern California was examined in the following subgroups: Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Mexicans, non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs), and non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs). We defined HTN as two separate nonemergent office visit blood pressure measurements ≥140/90mm Hg, physician diagnosis of HTN, or use of antihypertensive medications. ****RESULTS:**** A total of 208,985 patients were included in the study. Age-adjusted HTN prevalence ranged from 30.0% in Chinese women to 59.9% in Filipino men. Most minority subgroups had lower or similar odds of having HTN compared with NHWs, except for Filipinos and NHBs whose odds were significantly higher after adjusting for patient demographic and clinical characteristics. Asian Americans and NHBs were more likely to be treated for HTN compared with NHWs. Achievement of blood pressure control was lower among Filipino women (odds ratio = 0.82, 99% confidence interval 0.70-0.96) and NHB men (odds ratio = 0.73, 99% confidence interval 0.58-0.91), compared with NHW women and men. ****CONCLUSIONS:**** Substantial racial/ethnic variation in HTN prevalence, treatment, and control was found in our study population. Filipino and NHB women and men are at especially high risk for HTN and may have more difficulty in achieving adequate blood pressure control. [PubMed abstract](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25352230) ## Research topics - [Cardiovascular Diseases](https://www.sutterhealth.org/research-search-results?query=%22%5C%22Cardiovascular+Diseases%5C%22%22) - [Health Disparities](https://www.sutterhealth.org/research-search-results?query=%22%5C%22Health+Disparities%5C%22%22) - [Men's Health](https://www.sutterhealth.org/research-search-results?query=%22%5C%22Men%27s+Health%5C%22%22) - [Women's Health](https://www.sutterhealth.org/research-search-results?query=%22%5C%22Women%27s+Health%5C%22%22) ## Related publications [View all publications](https://www.sutterhealth.org/research-search-results?verticalKey=research_publication) - Publication ### [The relative efficacy and safety of clopidogrel in women and men a sex-specific collaborative meta-analysis.](https://www.sutterhealth.org/research/publications/relative-efficacy-and-safety-of-clopidogrel-in-women-and-men-1055312590) Berger JS, Bhatt DL, Cannon CP, Chen Z, Jiang L, Jones JB, Mehta SR, Sabatine MS, Steinhubl SR, Topol EJ, Berger PB. 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Epub 2011 Jun 13. 2011 Sep 01 - Publication ### [The association of race/ethnicity in male breast cancer survival within similar comorbidity cohorts](https://www.sutterhealth.org/research/publications/association-of-raceethnicity-in-male-breast-cancer-survival-1055312670) Cancer 2023 Mar 01 [View all publications](https://www.sutterhealth.org/research-search-results?verticalKey=research_publication) ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalOrganization","name":"Sutter Health","@id":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/#medicalorganization","url":"https://www.sutterhealth.org","logo":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/static/images/sutter-health-logo.svg","address":{"@type":"PostalAddress","streetAddress":"2200 River Plaza Drive","addressLocality":"Sacramento","addressRegion":"CA","postalCode":"95833","addressCountry":"US"},"areaServed":{"@type":"AdministrativeArea","name":"California"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/SutterHealth","https://www.instagram.com/sutterhealth/","https://x.com/SutterHealth","https://www.youtube.com/sutterhealth","https://www.linkedin.com/company/sutter-health","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutter_Health"]} ``` ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/research/publications/racial-ethnic-differences-in-htn-prevalence-and-tx-1055312916#breadcrumblist","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Research","item":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/research"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Research publications","item":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/research/publications"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Racial/ethnic differences in hypertension prevalence and tx"}]} ``` ```json {"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"MedicalScholarlyArticle","@id":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/research/publications/racial-ethnic-differences-in-htn-prevalence-and-tx-1055312916#medicalscholarlyarticle","name":"Racial/ethnic differences in hypertension prevalence, treatment, and control for outpatients in Northern California 2010-2012.","headline":"Racial/ethnic differences in hypertension prevalence and tx","abstract":"BACKGROUND: Hypertension (HTN) is a known major cardiovascular disease risk factor, but prevalence, treatment, and control of HTN among rapidly growing minority groups such as Asian Americans and Hispanics are unknown largely due to either underrepresentation in epidemiologic studies or aggregation of Asian American subgroups. METHODS: A three-year cross-section (2010-2012) of patients from a large ambulatory care setting in northern California was examined in the following subgroups: Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, Mexicans, non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs), and non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs). We defined HTN as two separate nonemergent office visit blood pressure measurements ≥140/90mm Hg, physician diagnosis of HTN, or use of antihypertensive medications. RESULTS: A total of 208,985 patients were included in the study. Age-adjusted HTN prevalence ranged from 30.0% in Chinese women to 59.9% in Filipino men. Most minority subgroups had lower or similar odds of having HTN compared with NHWs, except for Filipinos and NHBs whose odds were significantly higher after adjusting for patient demographic and clinical characteristics. Asian Americans and NHBs were more likely to be treated for HTN compared with NHWs. Achievement of blood pressure control was lower among Filipino women (odds ratio = 0.82, 99% confidence interval 0.70-0.96) and NHB men (odds ratio = 0.73, 99% confidence interval 0.58-0.91), compared with NHW women and men. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial racial/ethnic variation in HTN prevalence, treatment, and control was found in our study population. Filipino and NHB women and men are at especially high risk for HTN and may have more difficulty in achieving adequate blood pressure control.","description":"Substantial racial/ethnic variation in HTN prevalence, treatment, and control was found in our study population. Filipino and NHB women and men are at especially high risk for HTN and may have more difficulty in achieving adequate blood pressure control.","keywords":["Cardiovascular Diseases","Health Disparities","Men's Health","Women's Health"],"datePublished":"2014-10-28","url":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/research/publications/racial-ethnic-differences-in-htn-prevalence-and-tx-1055312916","inLanguage":"en-US","identifier":[{"@type":"PropertyValue","propertyID":"PMID","value":"25352230"}],"sameAs":["https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25352230/"],"isPartOf":{"@type":"Periodical","name":"Am J Hypertension"},"author":[{"@type":"Person","name":"Zhao B"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Jose PO"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Pu J"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Chung S"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Ancheta IB"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Fortmann SP"},{"@type":"Person","name":"Palaniappan LP"}],"sourceOrganization":{"@type":"MedicalOrganization","name":"Palo Alto Medical Foundation Research Institute"},"about":[{"@type":"DefinedTerm","name":"Cardiovascular Diseases","url":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/research-search-results?facets=%5B%7B%22i%22%3A%22c_researchTopics.name%22%2C%22v%22%3A%5B%22Cardiovascular+Diseases%22%5D%7D%5D&verticalKey=research_publication"},{"@type":"DefinedTerm","name":"Health Disparities","url":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/research-search-results?facets=%5B%7B%22i%22%3A%22c_researchTopics.name%22%2C%22v%22%3A%5B%22Health+Disparities%22%5D%7D%5D&verticalKey=research_publication"},{"@type":"DefinedTerm","name":"Men's Health","url":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/research-search-results?facets=%5B%7B%22i%22%3A%22c_researchTopics.name%22%2C%22v%22%3A%5B%22Men%27s+Health%22%5D%7D%5D&verticalKey=research_publication"},{"@type":"DefinedTerm","name":"Women's Health","url":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/research-search-results?facets=%5B%7B%22i%22%3A%22c_researchTopics.name%22%2C%22v%22%3A%5B%22Women%27s+Health%22%5D%7D%5D&verticalKey=research_publication"}],"mainEntityOfPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/research/publications/racial-ethnic-differences-in-htn-prevalence-and-tx-1055312916","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.sutterhealth.org/research/publications/racial-ethnic-differences-in-htn-prevalence-and-tx-1055312916#breadcrumblist"}}} ```