Feeding Tube Insertion - Gastrostomy

Why the Procedure Is Performed

Gastrostomy feeding tubes are put in for different reasons. They may be needed for a short time or permanently. This procedure may be used for:

• Babies with birth defects of the mouth, esophagus, or stomach (for example, esophageal atresia or tracheal esophageal fistula)
• Persons who cannot swallow correctly
• Persons who cannot take enough food by mouth to stay healthy
• Persons who often breathe in food when eating

Risks

Risks for surgical or endoscopic feeding tube insertion are:

• Bleeding
• Infection

Before the Procedure

You will be given a sedative and a painkiller. In most cases, these medicines are given through a vein (IV line) in your arm. You should feel no pain and not remember the procedure.

A numbing medicine may be sprayed into your mouth to prevent the urge to cough or gag when the endoscope is inserted. A mouth guard will be inserted to protect your teeth and the endoscope.

Dentures must be removed.

After the Procedure

This is most often a simple surgery with a good outlook. Follow any self-care instructions you're given, including:

• How to care for the skin around the tube
• Signs and symptoms of infection
• What to do if the tube is pulled out
• Signs and symptoms of tube blockage
• How to empty the stomach through the tube
• How and what to feed through the tube
• How to hide the tube under clothing
• What normal activities can be continued

Outlook (Prognosis)

The stomach and abdomen will heal in 5 to 7 days. Moderate pain can be treated with medicine. Feedings will start slowly with clear liquids, and increase slowly.

References

Davis PW. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy placement and replacement. In: Pfenninger JL, Fowler GC, eds. Pfenninger and Fowler's Procedures for Primary Care. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2011:chap 200.