Disparities among racially/ethnically marginalized groups in the COVID-19 pandemic persist regardless of statewide shelter-in-place policies: an analysis from northern california

Kristen M J Azar, Stephen H Lockhart, Zijun Shen, Robert Romanelli, Stephanie Brown , Kelly Smits, Alice R Pressman, Am J Epidemiol: kwab191. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwab191. Online ahead of print., 2021 Jul 02

Investigators

Kristen Azar, R.N., BSN, MSN/MPH, Investigator

Abstract

To measure COVID-19 disparities among racial/ethnically marginalized groups in hospitalization and ICU (Intensive Care Unit)-transfer pre/post implementation of the California statewide shelter-in-place (SIP) policy. A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a healthcare system in California. COVID-19 patients from 1/1/20-8/31/20 were identified from electronic health records. We examined hospitalizations and ICU transfers by race/ethnicity and pandemic period using logistic regression. Among 16,520 people with COVID-19 (mean [SD] age, 46.6 [18.4] years; 54.2% women); during the Post-SIP period, patients were on average younger and a larger proportion were Hispanic. In adjusted models, odds of hospitalization were 20% lower post-SIP compared to SIP, yet all non-White groups had higher odds (ORs 1.6-2.1) compared to Non-Hispanic White, regardless of period. Among hospitalized patients, odds of ICU transfer were 33% lower post-SIP versus SIP. Hispanic and Asian patients had higher odds compared to Non-Hispanic. Disparities in hospitalization persisted while ICU risk became more pronounced for Asian and Hispanic patients in post-SIP. Policy makers should consider ways to proactively address inequities in risk when considering future population-level policy interventions for public health crises.

Pubmed Abstract

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