Abstinence
Sexual abstinence is a choice to not participate in any genital contact. People usually make this choice for a specific moral, religious, legal or health reason. It's the act of not having sex – the personal definition of which can range from no sexual contact to everything but intercourse.
Here, abstinence is defined as no genital or anal contact between people (this includes hand or mouth to genitals).
How Does it Work?
You refrain from all forms of sexual intercourse and contact, ensuring that there is no exchange of body fluids (such as vaginal secretions and semen).
Discuss with your partner what abstinence means to you, especially if you're developing a new relationship. Someone who cares about you will honor your choices and not push for sexual behavior that makes you uncomfortable.
Does it Protect Against STIs?
STI stands for sexually transmitted infection. STI risk varies depending on how you choose to protect yourself and your partner during sexual or intimate activities.
Abstinence is the best protection against STIs and the only guarantee against them – but only if there is no genital or anal contact or sharing semen or vaginal fluid.
Does it Protect Against Pregnancy?
Yes. It's the best protection and the only guarantee (as long as no semen enters the vagina). There is no chance of getting pregnant as long as semen is kept out of the vagina and away from the vulva (vaginal opening).
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages:
- There are no hormonal or medical side effects.
- Abstinence is a good way to really get to know your partner without the complications of sex.
Disadvantages:
- It can be hard to abstain from sex, particularly in the moment.
- You may feel pressure from your partner or friends to have sex.
Things to Remember
- Abstinence is the only 100 percent guarantee of protection against pregnancy.
- Abstinence is the best way to protect yourself from STIs.
Last Reviewed: January 2019