Vaccines are designed to activate the human body’s immune response to fight an infection. If you become infected with COVID-19 and are fully vaccinated, your immune system will recognize the infection and work to fight it.

Both currently available mRNA vaccines by Pfizer and Moderna require two doses. You’ll get an initial vaccination, then a second shot — three weeks later for the Pfizer vaccine or four weeks later for the Moderna vaccine. Per the CDC, second dose shots for both can be administered up to six weeks after the first if necessary.

The second dose stimulates a greater immune response, offering the recipient far more protection from COVID-19. The appointment for your second dose will be scheduled during your first appointment at the same location.

The Janssen/J&J vaccine is administered as a single shot that provides maximum protection 14 days after administration.

We’re awaiting updates on possible boosters for the general public who received mRNA vaccines. We’ll continue to follow federal guidelines and recommendations as they become available.

According to the CDC, you should still get the COVID-19 vaccine even if you have been infected with COVID-19. That’s because experts do not yet know how long you’re protected from getting sick again after recovering from COVID-19. Even if you have already recovered from COVID-19, it’s possible, although rare, that you could be infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 again. Studies have shown that vaccination provides a strong boost in protection in people who have recovered from COVID-19.

According to the CDC, COVID-19 vaccines are effective at preventing COVID-19 disease, especially severe illness and death. Although the vaccines are highly effective, the vaccines are not 100% effective at preventing an infection. While COVID-19 vaccines reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19 to others, there’s no absolute guarantee that they will.

Based on CDPH and CDC guidelines, pregnancy is considered a high-risk condition, with an increased chance of complications from COVID-19. According to the CDC, there’s currently no evidence that COVID-19 vaccination causes any problems with pregnancy, including the development of the placenta. In addition, there’s no evidence that fertility problems are a side effect of any vaccine, including COVID-19 vaccines. Discuss the risks of COVID-19 during pregnancy, and the risks and benefits of the COVID-19 vaccine, with your healthcare provider.

Learn more about pregnancy and delivery at Sutter during COVID-19.

According to the CDC, COVID 19-vaccines are effective. They can protect you from severe illness and even death from a COVID-19 infection. The vaccine can keep you from getting and spreading the virus that causes COVID-19. Getting vaccinated yourself may also protect people around you, particularly people at increased risk for severe illness from COVID-19. By getting the vaccine, you are protecting yourself, your loved ones and your community.

In most cases, you can receive the COVID-19 vaccine after you are out of isolation and your symptoms are getting better. In most cases, you may discontinue isolation when all of the following are met:

• 10 days have passed since the symptoms began and
• At least 24 hours have passed since you have had no fever and you were not using fever reducing medications and
• Other symptoms have improved.

If you have a condition that causes a decrease in immune system function, please check with your healthcare provider about how long isolation should last and when it’s safe for you to get the COVID-19 vaccine. If you were treated for COVID-19 with monoclonal antibodies or convalescent plasma, you should wait 90 days before getting a COVID-19 vaccine. Talk to your healthcare provider if you’re unsure what treatments you received or if you have more questions about getting a COVID-19 vaccine.

According to the CDC, the three COVID-19 vaccines in use in the United States, Pfizer, Moderna and Janssen/J&J, are safe and effective. COVID-19 vaccines are not experimental. They went through all the required stages of clinical trials. Extensive testing and monitoring have shown that these vaccines are safe and effective.

None of the authorized COVID-19 vaccines contain the live virus. This means that you cannot get COVID-19 from any of the vaccines.

According to the CDC, if you’ve had a severe allergic reaction to any ingredient in an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, you should not get either of the currently available mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. Please see the Pfizer and Moderna Fact Sheets for ingredient lists and more information. If you had a severe allergic reaction after getting the first dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, the CDC recommends that you should not get the second dose. An evaluation and treatment by an allergist may enable you to receive the second dose.

According to Jansen/J&J, you should not receive the Janssen/J&J viral vector vaccine if you have had a severe allergic reaction to any ingredient in the vaccine. Please see the Janssen/J&J Fact Sheet for an ingredient list and more information.

According to the CDC, COVID-19 vaccines don’t change or interact with your DNA in any way. Both mRNA and viral vector COVID-19 vaccines deliver instructions (genetic material) to our cells to start building protection against the virus that causes COVID-19. The genetic material in the vaccines cannot affect or interact with our DNA in any way. All COVID-19 vaccines work with the body’s natural defenses to safely develop immunity to disease.

Yes, please bring your insurance or Medicare/Medi-Cal card to your vaccination. There’s no out-of-pocket cost to you to get the COVID-19 vaccine, though your insurance may be billed for the administration of the vaccine.

You can call (844) 987-6115 to schedule your child’s vaccination or book an appointment through My Health Online. Please note that your pediatrician's office can't schedule or give your child's COVID-19 vaccination at this time.

If you don’t have a My Health Online account, sign up now. Teens can enroll in My Health Online at their provider’s office or by calling (866) 978-8837 if there’s a parental or guardian consent on file. Consent cannot be given over the phone. Learn more.

After enrolling with My Health Online, teen patients (age 12-17) can sign in to the website or mobile app and make their appointment online. Parents or guardians with proxy access to a child’s My Health Online account are able to help schedule their COVID-19 vaccination. However, once the appointment is scheduled, the details will only be visible to teen patients in their own accounts.

Resources

• My Health Online for Teens FAQs
• Managing My Family’s Health Online FAQs

Yes, if you’re 17 and under, you need parental or guardian consent to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. Bring a parent or guardian to your vaccine appointment, or download the appropriate consent form, fill out a questionnaire and bring both with you.

COVID-19 Vaccine Consent Form

• English (PDF)
• Spanish (PDF)

COVID-19 Vaccine Questionnaire

• English (PDF)
• Spanish (PDF)

Unless specifically indicated otherwise, you should be able to go ahead with most routine procedures and screenings either before or after receiving a COVID-19 vaccine. However, talk to your doctor about getting a vaccine if you’re scheduling a surgery, hospitalization or a procedure that requires anesthesia.

Please wait 4-6 weeks after vaccination to schedule your mammogram. Learn more.

There’s no out-of-pocket cost to you to get the COVID-19 vaccine, though your insurance may be billed for the administration of the vaccine.

If you have Medicare, the plan covers FDA-approved COVID-19 vaccines. Be sure to bring your red, white, and blue Medicare card with you. You’ll need your Medicare card even if you’re enrolled in a Medicare Advantage Plan.

If you have Medi-Cal, the plan covers FDA-approved COVID-19 vaccines. Be sure to bring your Medi-Cal Benefits Identification Card with you. You’ll need your Medi-Cal card even if you’re enrolled in a Medi-Cal Managed Care Plan.

You may need to show proof of your COVID-19 vaccination to travel, attend an event or in other situations. If you received your COVID-19 vaccination at Sutter Health, you’ll find documentation of the shot(s) in your immunization record in My Health Online. Simply take a screenshot in the MHO mobile app or print the record from your computer.

For Mobile Devices

• Download the My Health Online app or make sure your existing app is up to date.
• Open the MHO app and sign in.
• Find Immunizations on the menu. (Use the search bar for quick access.) You’ll see a read-only record of your vaccination details and date(s).
• Share your screenshot in person or via text or email from your device.

On Your Desktop or Laptop

• Open your web brower and sign in to My Health Online.
• In the Health Record menu, find Immunizations under My Details.
• Click Immunizations and you’ll see records of your vaccines.
• Use the Print icon in the upper-right to print the page or save as a PDF.

COVID-19 vaccines are now available for anyone over age 12. You can schedule a vaccination appointment for yourself or a child through My Health Online. We’re giving vaccines at dedicated clinics as well as at our Sutter Walk-In Care locations. All vaccinations are by appointment only.

According to the CDC, you may have some side effects, which are normal signs that your body is building protection. These side effects may affect your ability to do daily activities, but they should go away in a few days. Some people have no side effects. The most common side effects include pain, redness and swelling in the arm where you got the shot. Effects that may be experienced throughout the body include:

• Tiredness
• Headache
• Muscle pain
• Chills
• Fever
• Nausea

In rare cases, a more severe allergic reaction can occur. When you receive your vaccine, you’ll need to remain on site for at least 15 minutes so you can be monitored for any signs of an allergic reaction.

According to the CDC, reactions reported after the third Pfizer or Moderna dose were similar to those experienced after the first and second dose. Most symptoms are expected to be mild to moderate.

Learn more about what you can expect after your COVID-19 vaccination.

The CDC is constantly reviewing evidence and updating guidance. It’s not known how long protection lasts for those who are vaccinated. What is known is that COVID-19 has caused very serious illness and death for a lot of people. If you get COVID-19, you also risk giving it to loved ones who may get very sick. Getting a COVID-19 vaccine is a safer choice.

Typically, people are considered fully vaccinated:

• Two weeks after the second dose of the Pfizer or Moderna COVID-19 vaccine.
• Two weeks after a single-dose Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen COVID-19 vaccine.

Until you reach full vaccination status, you should continue to wear a mask and maintain a distance of six feet from others.

According to the CDC, once you are fully vaccinated, you can get back to doing most activities that you did prior to the pandemic. You can resume activities without wearing a mask or staying 6 feet apart, except where required by federal, state, local, tribal, or territorial laws, rules, and regulations, including local business and workplace guidance. If you travel in the continental United States, you do not need to get a COVID-19 test before or after travel or self-quarantine after travel.

Common side effects may include injection site pain, fatigue, headache, muscle pain, joint pain, nausea and fever up to 72 hours after vaccination.

However, according to the CDC, if you develop severe headache or blurred vision, chest pain, abdominal pain, leg swelling, shortness of breath or easy bruising or blood spots under the skin by the injection site within three weeks of your vaccination, seek medical care right away. If you experience sudden onset of severe symptoms, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room.

Women younger than 50 years old should be aware of the rare but increased risk of thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome (TTS). TTS is a serious condition that involves blood clots with low platelets.

Currently, third doses of the Pfizer or Moderna vaccine are approved for some immunocompromised people only. We’re awaiting updates on possible boosters for the general public who received mRNA vaccines. We’ll continue to follow federal guidelines and recommendations as they become available.

Please refer to the CDC’s website for detailed guidance on COVID-19 vaccines for those who may be moderately or severely immunocompromised. This group includes those who have received an organ transplant, cancer treatment for tumors or cancers of the blood or a stem cell transplant. If you have an advanced or untreated HIV infection or are diagnosed with another moderate or severe primary immunodeficiency or taking drugs that suppress your immune response, you also qualify to receive the additional dose.

If you were moderately to severely immunocompromised at the time of your first and second dose or have recently become immunocompromised, you may not know whether you need a third dose. If you’re not sure, please consult your doctor.

Currently, you aren't required to provide documentation from your physician confirming you are eligible for a third dose.

We’re currently scheduling appointments for additional (third) doses of the Pfizer and Moderna vaccines for moderately to severely immunocompromised patients. Third-dose scheduling is available by phone at (844) 987-6115 or My Health Online. Third-dose appointments can’t be scheduled through your provider’s office. You can consult your doctor to determine whether you’re eligible for an additional dose if you’re unsure.

The CDC recommends the additional dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine should be the same vaccine you got before. Your third dose should be administered at least four weeks (28 days) after completing your primary mRNA COVID-19 vaccine series.

If you're age 12-17 and immunocompromised, you can receive a third dose of the Pfizer vaccine with consent. Bring your parent or guardian to your vaccination or have them sign this form (English PDF | Spanish PDF), fill out a questionnaire (English PDF | Spanish PDF) and bring both signed documents with you.

If your vaccination status isn't on file with us, it's recommended you bring your vaccination card or other proof of vaccination to your appointment. Currently, a third dose is neither required nor necessary for proof of full vaccination.

The FDA amended its emergency use authorization (EUA) for the Pfizer and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines to allow for a third dose. Thus far, they haven’t amended the EUA for the Janssen/J&J vaccine. The CDC isn’t expected to make a recommendation regarding additional doses for those who received the Janssen/J&J vaccine until more research is done. We’ll continue to follow federal guidelines and recommendations as they become available.

Currently, the CDC is only recommending an additional dose for patients who are moderately to severely immunocompromised. Federal health officials determined that this vulnerable group may benefit from a third dose of the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines.

The FDA’s advisory committee recently made recommendations for a booster dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine for certain individuals. At this time, booster doses are not available until they are approved, and we receive additional guidance from federal, state and local officials.

Studies indicate that all three COVID-19 vaccines available in the U.S. (Pfizer, Moderna and Janssen/J&J) remain effective against current variants, including the delta variant, in preventing hospitalizations and deaths in most people.