Male Condom

A male condom is a thin sheath that covers the penis during intercourse and is made of one of the following materials:

• Rubber (latex).
• Plastic (polyurethane): the best alternative for people allergic to latex.
• Lambskin.

Male condoms can vary greatly in color, size and amount of lubrication and spermicide.

The male condom protects against sexually transmitted infection (STI) and pregnancy by covering the penis and preventing direct contact between the penis and vagina. Condoms collect the semen and prevent it from entering the vagina.

How is it Used?

The male condom is rolled over the erect or hardened penis and prevents direct contact between the penis and vagina. The condom must be removed before the erection ends or the sperm can leak out. Use the condom once only, then throw it in the garbage. Do not flush it down the toilet.

Does It Protect Against STIs?

STI stands for sexually transmitted infection. STI risk varies depending on how you choose to protect yourself and your partner during sexual or intimate activities.

Latex condoms can protect against STIs, including HIV. Testing of polyurethane condoms suggests that they also protect against infections; however, this is not definite.

Lambskin condoms do not protect against HIV and other STIs.

Does It Protect Against Pregnancy?

Yes, and using spermicide in addition to the condom improves pregnancy prevention. For best protection, use the condom before any sperm – or pre-ejaculate – comes in contact with the vagina.

The chances of getting pregnant while using a condom (latex) are:

• Typical use: 14 percent
• Perfect use: 3 percent

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages:

• The condom is the best method for reducing the risk of STIs for those who choose to have intercourse. (As always, abstinence is the only 100 percent guarantee.)
• Condoms enable men to share responsibility for pregnancy prevention and protection against STDs.
• Condoms are easily obtained and don't require a prescription.

Disadvantages:

• Some people are allergic to latex. Polyurethane condoms can be used as an alternative.
• Some people argue that condoms reduce sensitivity and pleasure during intercourse.
• Some people dislike interrupting sex to put it on.
• Condoms may break if put on incorrectly.

Things to Remember

• The male condom cannot be used in conjunction with the female condom.
• Condoms should not be used with oil-based lubricants such as petroleum jelly, Vaseline, or mineral and vegetable oil. Such lubricants damage the condom or increase breakage.
• Condoms (particularly latex ones) should be protected from the heat, which can weaken them or cause breakage.
• Some condoms do have a "shelf life" – after which they are too weak to use.

 Last Reviewed: October 2019